Effect of gender on the acute effects of whey protein ingestion on energy intake, appetite, gastric emptying and gut hormone responses in healthy young adults

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dc.citation.volume8
dc.contributor.authorGiezenaar C
dc.contributor.authorLuscombe-Marsh ND
dc.contributor.authorHutchison AT
dc.contributor.authorLange K
dc.contributor.authorHausken T
dc.contributor.authorJones KL
dc.contributor.authorHorowitz M
dc.contributor.authorChapman I
dc.contributor.authorSoenen S
dc.date.available2018-07-13
dc.date.available2018-06-04
dc.date.issued2018-07-13
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Protein supplements, usually drinks rich in whey protein, are used widely for weight loss purposes in overweight adults. Information comparing the effects of whey protein on appetite and energy intake in men and women is limited. The objective was to compare the acute effects of whey-protein intake on energy intake, appetite, gastric emptying and gut hormones in healthy young men and women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Gastric emptying (3D-ultrasonography), blood glucose and plasma insulin, glucagon, ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations (0-180 min), appetite (visual analogue scales), and ad libitum energy intake from a buffet meal (180-210 min) were determined after ingestion of 30 g (120 kcal) or 70 g (280 kcal) whey protein, or a flavoured-water control drink (~2 kcal) in 8 healthy young men (25 ± 2 y, 72 ± 3 kg, 23 ± 1 kg/m2) and 8 women (23 ± 1 y, 64 ± 2 kg, 24 ± 0.4 kg/m2). RESULTS: There was a protein-load effect on gastric emptying, blood glucose, plasma insulin, glucagon, ghrelin, CCK, GIP and GLP-1 concentrations, and perceptions of hunger, desire to eat and prospective food consumption (P < 0.05). Ad libitum energy intake (average decrease of 206 ± 39 kcal (15 ± 2%) for men and of 46 ± 54 kcal (0 ± 26%) for women for the mean of the intakes after the 30 and 70 g whey-protein loads) and hunger were suppressed more by whey-protein ingestion in men than women (P = 0.046). There was no difference in suppression of energy intake between the 30 and 70 g protein loads (P = 0.75, interaction effect P = 0.19). Consequently, total energy intake (protein drink plus buffet meal) increased more compared to control in women than men (P = 0.010). The drinks emptied more slowly, and plasma glucagon, CCK and GLP-1 increased less after the protein drinks, in women than men (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The acute effects of whey protein ingestion on appetite, energy intake, gastric emptying and gut hormone responses are influenced by gender in healthy young adults.
dc.description.publication-statusPublished
dc.identifierhttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000439510500001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=c5bb3b2499afac691c2e3c1a83ef6fef
dc.identifierARTN 40
dc.identifier.citationNUTRITION & DIABETES, 2018, 8
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41387-018-0048-7
dc.identifier.elements-id445496
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.issn2044-4052
dc.publisherSpringer Nature Limited
dc.relation.isPartOfNUTRITION & DIABETES
dc.rights(c) The Author/s CC BY
dc.subject.anzsrc1103 Clinical Sciences
dc.subject.anzsrc1111 Nutrition and Dietetics
dc.subject.anzsrc1601 Anthropology
dc.titleEffect of gender on the acute effects of whey protein ingestion on energy intake, appetite, gastric emptying and gut hormone responses in healthy young adults
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.notesNot known
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Sciences
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Sciences/School of Food and Advanced Technology
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