Total infectome investigation of diphtheritic stomatitis in yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes) reveals a novel and abundant megrivirus.

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dc.citation.volume286
dc.contributor.authorWierenga JR
dc.contributor.authorGrimwood RM
dc.contributor.authorTaylor HS
dc.contributor.authorHunter S
dc.contributor.authorArgilla LS
dc.contributor.authorWebster T
dc.contributor.authorLim L
dc.contributor.authorFrench R
dc.contributor.authorSchultz H
dc.contributor.authorJorge F
dc.contributor.authorBostina M
dc.contributor.authorBurga L
dc.contributor.authorSwindells-Wallace P
dc.contributor.authorHolmes EC
dc.contributor.authorMcInnes K
dc.contributor.authorMorgan KJ
dc.contributor.authorGeoghegan JL
dc.coverage.spatialNetherlands
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-13T23:32:39Z
dc.date.available2024-08-13T23:32:39Z
dc.date.issued2023-11-01
dc.description.abstractFirst identified in 2002, diphtheritic stomatitis (DS) is a devastating disease affecting yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes, or hoiho in te reo Māori). The disease is associated with oral lesions in chicks and has caused significant morbidity and mortality. DS is widespread among yellow-eyed penguin chicks on mainland New Zealand yet appears to be absent from the subantarctic population. Corynebacterium spp. have previously been suspected as causative agents yet, due to inconsistent cultures and inconclusive pathogenicity, their role in DS is unclear. Herein, we used a metatranscriptomic approach to identify potential causative agents of DS by revealing the presence and abundance of all viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa - together, the infectome. Oral and cloacal swab samples were collected from presymptomatic, symptomatic and recovered chicks along with a control group of healthy adults. Two novel viruses from the Picornaviridae were identified, one of which - yellow-eyed penguin megrivirus - was highly abundant in chicks irrespective of health status but not detected in healthy adults. Tissue from biopsied oral lesions also tested positive for the novel megrivirus upon PCR. We found no overall clustering among bacteria, protozoa and fungi communities at the genus level across samples, although Paraclostridium bifermentans was significantly more abundant in oral microbiota of symptomatic chicks compared to other groups. The detection of a novel and highly abundant megrivirus has sparked a new line of inquiry to investigate its potential association with DS.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.edition.editionNovember 2023
dc.format.pagination109895-
dc.identifier.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37890432
dc.identifier.citationWierenga JR, Grimwood RM, Taylor HS, Hunter S, Argilla LS, Webster T, Lim L, French R, Schultz H, Jorge F, Bostina M, Burga L, Swindells-Wallace P, Holmes EC, McInnes K, Morgan KJ, Geoghegan JL. (2023). Total infectome investigation of diphtheritic stomatitis in yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes) reveals a novel and abundant megrivirus.. Vet Microbiol. 286. (pp. 109895-).
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109895
dc.identifier.eissn1873-2542
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.issn0378-1135
dc.identifier.number109895
dc.identifier.piiS0378-1135(23)00249-3
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/71282
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.publisher.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378113523002493?
dc.relation.isPartOfVet Microbiol
dc.rights(c) The author/sen
dc.rights.licenseCC BYen
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectDiphtheritic stomatitis
dc.subjectHoiho
dc.subjectInfectome
dc.subjectMegrivirus
dc.subjectPicornavirus
dc.subjectVirome
dc.subjectWildlife disease
dc.subjectYellow-eyed penguin
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectCorynebacterium
dc.subjectPicornaviridae
dc.subjectSpheniscidae
dc.subjectStomatitis
dc.titleTotal infectome investigation of diphtheritic stomatitis in yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes) reveals a novel and abundant megrivirus.
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id484019
pubs.organisational-groupOther
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