Environmental narratives sustainable futures : exploring spatial storytelling in games design to elicit ecological empathy and action : an exegesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Design at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

Abstract

In the last decade, gaming has emerged as the fastest-growing media platform, with numerous studies highlighting its impact on individuals' perceptions and behaviour. This practice-based research investigates how spatial storytelling in video games can foster ecological empathy, particularly regarding declining mangrove ecosystems. Spatial storytelling enhances immersion in virtual environments, making it a central focus in contemporary game design. This project examines the evolution of educational game design, delves into the definition and framework of spatial narrative in video games, and integrates cognitive empathy theory with the MDA (Mechanics, Dynamics, Aesthetics) framework. The goal is to offer a novel approach to designing environmental-themed games. The resulting design features a third-person perspective where players assume the role of a fishing cat travelling from an industrialised city to mangrove ecosystems. This journey allows players to experience firsthand the impacts of human civilisation on these crucial habitats, aiming to build cognitive empathy. The eco-centred gaming experience incorporates transpersonal thinking exercises, encouraging players to view the world from perspectives beyond their own and fostering a deeper connection with nature. By providing positive feedback on players' environmental conservation efforts within the game, the design motivates players to adopt ecologically responsible behaviours in their daily lives. This project highlights the potential of spatial storytelling in video games to educate and inspire real-world environmental action.