What defines me? : the impact of #ADHDmemes on understanding diagnosis and identity : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University, Distance, New Zealand

Abstract

The lived experience of those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is overlooked when it comes to describing ADHD. This is especially true within the biomedical framework needed in Aotearoa New Zealand to gain a diagnosis and access the full spectrum of support available. This study uses Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore the lived experiences of those with ADHD through exploring the phenomenon of memes (an image, video or text spreading an idea on social media). It looks at how interactions with memes about ADHD have impacted their understanding of their diagnosis and identity. A deep tension is revealed between the biomedical view and how ADHD is depicted in memes, however the participants did not feel this meant either side was inaccurate. The participants looked to memes to understand ADHD on an experiential level and feel connected to others. However, they also looked to the biomedical field for an assessment and validation that their experience was ADHD. This multi-step journey is important because it highlights that participants valued the opinion of perceived ‘experts’ above their own lived experience. Additionally, it highlights the power imbalance between patient and practitioner and the care that needs to be taken during the assessment process for a potentially vulnerable population. With the validation of an official assessment, participants concluded that they saw themselves represented in #ADHDmemes and good memes were ‘by them and for them.’ Ultimately, viewing memes enabled the participants to create a new identity, where they were not broken, but had struggles that looked different to those who are neurotypical. Seeing their struggles in someone else and sharing them amongst other neurodivergent friends, evoked compassion for others, which in turn allowed them to find grace and feel self-compassion for themselves.