Oral Presentations

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Poutokomanawa: The heartpost
(Academy of NZ Literature, Auckland University, 1/07/2017) Makereti TRM
Maori and Pasifika writers cross borders with a vibrant aesthetic that exists nowhere else on the planet. Yet they are under-represented in literature—research suggests that Maori and Pasifika poetry and fiction accounts for only 3% of all locally published literature. Other ethnic groups fare worse. In this lecture novelist, essayist and creative writing teacher Tina Makereti assesses the state of affairs and presents her vision of a vibrant Maori/Pasifika/ Indigenous/NZ literature: What kind of house does our literature inhabit? Where are radical renovations needed?
Indwelling Catheter Care: Areas for Improvement
(Sigma Theta Tau International Honour Society of Nursing, 13/07/2016) Gesmundo MH
Objectives: To describe perioperative nurses? current attitude and indwelling catheter management practices, To analyse and identify areas of indwelling catheter care practice that require improvement in the light of existing evidence-based guidelines. Research Question: What areas of indwelling catheter care experience of perioperative nurses in a tertiary public hospital require improvement in the light of existing evidence-based guidelines? Design:'A qualitative research design using focus group discussions was utilised to answer the research question. The focus group discussions explored the perioperative staff nurses? attitude and indwelling catheter care experience and facilitated the identification of areas of practice that can be further improved in the light of existing evidence. Setting:' Two perioperative wards of a public tertiary hospital located in Auckland, New Zealand Participants: A convenience sample of staff nurses (n=13) from two perioperative wards were invited to participate in the focus group discussions. Study participation was voluntary, with utmost respect for human dignity and autonomy. Methods:'A qualitative approach utilising focused group discussions was done to gain insight into the nurses? attitude and indwelling catheter care experience. Thirteen (n = 13) nurses participated in the focus groups. Two focus groups were formed to facilitate the management of interviews. Seven nurses participated in the first focus group, whereas six participated in the second. The focus group discussions were organised on different dates to accommodate as many participants as possible without compromising patient care or safety. An interview prompt sheet was utilised as a guide in the focus group discussions which took approximately 45 minutes to complete. The proceedings were audio-recorded, transcribed and made accessible only to the researcher with due respect to confidentiality of information. Results:'The results of the two focus groups discussions were combined and four key themes were established, namely: preparation for catheter management, Nursing skills and knowledge, current clinical practice and catheter management resources. The focus groups revealed that the nurses did not always feel confident towards indwelling catheter management due to their lack of preparation or catheter care training. There was evidence of diversity in training and feelings of not being prepared properly during their undergraduate training due to the teaching method utilised, the time allotted for the training, the focus of the training itself and the lack of opportunity to practice catheter management skills to prevent CAUTI. These relate to feelings of insufficiency with regard to catheter care knowledge and lack of confidence with regard to catheter management skills. Diversity and deficiency in undergraduate education can be one of the reasons why nurses? practices vary thereby affecting the quality of patient care. Despite these challenges, nurses cope with the task by being resourceful and by asking colleagues for support. There are also recommendations to standardise in-service training programmes and organisational policies and procedures; and, to revisit undergraduate nursing programmes to emphasise infection prevention and control. The findings also suggest that nurses perceive catheter management as task-oriented, with the decision to insert, re-insert and remove a catheter being heavily reliant on doctors. There is, however, a growing recognition among nurses that they also make important patient care decisions. The existence of organisational protocols such as those related to catheter removal empowers nurses to make important nursing decisions. Revisiting organisational protocols also help nurses feel more confident in performing procedures. Nurses want to advocate for their patients? safety, thus increased confidence and empowerment facilitates nurses? assertion of evidence-based practices to minimise risks and improve their patient?s condition. Finally, nurses also expressed awareness of the importance of catheter care documentation. However, there is an apparent discrepancy in what the nurses expressed as recognition of the importance of documentation and actual documentation of patient care as evidenced by variability in actual documentation and failure to relate assessment findings with the patient?s health status. Standardised documentation of patient assessment and catheter status is recommended to improve the quality of documentation in relation to nursing assessment. Current clinical practice is characterised by collaborative care. While nurses were perceived to be mainly responsible for catheter insertion, maintenance and removal, doctors also need support in terms of recognising the unnecessary presence of a patient?s catheter. Nurses expressed that cognitively able patients play a role in catheter care. This makes patient care in the current research setting unique because of nurses? perception of patient involvement. Nurses perceive that they are responsible for educating and empowering patients to actively participate in their care. Catheter care also involves advocating for the patient?s interests. Nurses feel vulnerable and fear going against their patient?s preference when faced with circumstances that require ethical decision-making. Nurses are aware that in patient centred care, the patient?s moral, cultural and religious values need to be considered. Thus, nurses overcome this feeling of concern by maintaining an open communication with the patient. Nurses also identified their gender as a barrier to catheter care due to unwritten, agreed rules of behaviour that guide clinical practice. To remove this barrier without compromising patient preference, a standardised organisational policy on catheterisation has been recommended. Nurses also reported clinical practises that puts patient?s safety at risk and indicated poor knowledge and hence clinical practice. A multi-pronged approach in educating and addressing practice discrepancies has been recommended to improve nurses? knowledge and practise. Overall, clinical practice related to catheter care requires nursing skills, decision-making, critical thinking and a complete grasp of ethical principles. Finally, with regard to catheter management resources, nurses are aware that organisational policies on catheter management are available intranet, although some have concerns with locating it. Ease of access to policies and consistency with day to day workflow can potentially enhance nursing care. Support from colleagues also proves to be valuable when nurses cannot access policies. The nurses also reported that the existence of policies on catheter removal helped standardise the process itself and guided nurses in their decisions. For those who found the organisational policy not suitable for various types of patients, their expertise in the use of the nursing process and collaborative care helped them arrive at important decisions and interventions. Decision-support tools were recommended to be utilised as these facilitate decisions regarding deviations from specific organisational guidelines. While organisational policies facilitate decisions and nursing care, these do not replace nurses? knowledge and skills in providing quality patient care. Conclusion:'There are various areas in catheter care that can be improved further. These include: diversity in catheter care practise of which some may be of concern to patient safety; variability in actual documentation of care and failure to relate assessment findings with the patient?s health status; heavy reliance on doctors for the decision to insert, re-insert and remove a catheter; gender as a barrier to catheter care due to unwritten, agreed rules of behaviour that guide clinical practice; and difficulty in accessing organisational policies. Nurses have identified recommendations to address these concerns. These include: standardisation of in-service training programmes and organisational policies and procedures without compromising patient preference; standardisation of documentation of patient assessment and catheter status; empowerment of nurses through evidence-based protocols; multi-pronged approach in the delivery of in-service education; creation of policies that are consistent with day to day workflow and are easy to access; and utilisation of decision-support tools that address deviations from specific organisational guidelines.
Updating Animal Welfare Thinking: Moving beyond the 'Five Freedoms' towards 'A Life Worth Living'
(14/03/2016) Mellor DJ
Gaining knowledge of animal welfare and applying it in ways that improve our care of animals can be understood as a journey. Different countries, regions of countries and people within those countries have reached different stages in this journey. However, even for those who have travelled far on this journey, it will never end because new or modified approaches to animal care will be needed as we continue to learn more about how animals perceive and respond to the circumstances in which they find themselves.
Impact of a Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) Education Package on Nurses' Knowledge, Attitude and Indwelling Catheter Management Practices
(Sigma Theta Tau International Honour Society of Nursing, 17/03/2016) Gesmundo MH
Objectives: 1. To identify staff nurses' current knowledge, attitudes and indwelling catheter management practices 2. To implement a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) education package on two surgical wards 3. To determine if a significant difference exists in the staff nurses' indwelling catheter management practices before and after the introduction of a CAUTI education package Research Question: What is the impact of a CAUTI education package on the knowledge, attitude and indwelling catheter management practices of nurses? Design:A descriptive design involving mixed methods approach was utilised to answer the research question. The methods used include focus group discussions that explore and describe nurses' attitude toward catheter care and CAUTI prevention; pre-test and a post-test to measure and compare the nurses' level of knowledge on CAUTI prevention; and document analysis of a catheter maintenance checklist to identify staff nurses' catheter management practices. Setting: Two surgical wards of a general district hospital located in Manukau City, Auckland, New Zealand Participants: A convenience sample of staff nurses (n=27) from the two surgical wards were invited to participate in the study through e-mail. Information about the research was discussed through flyers. Study participation was voluntary, with utmost respect for human dignity and autonomy. Methods:The study had three phases. The first phase utilised focus group discussions that involved the gathering of baseline data to determine nurses' knowledge and attitudes about catheter management and CAUTI prevention. The second phase involved the implementation of education sessions and utilised a pre and post-test to measure nurses' level of knowledge. The final phase or the evaluation phase identified the impact of the education package on the nurses' knowledge, attitudes and whether this was translated into practice. This phase utilised an evidence-based checklist that nurses complete daily given patients with urinary catheters. Results:A total of 13 staff nurses attended two focus group discussions. The focus group revealed that there is diversity in the undergraduate training experience and on-the-job training of nurses that relate to their catheter management practices. Another theme that emerged from the focus group is the nurses' awareness, access and use of organisational policies and guidelines which serve as a primary go-to guide when recalling information at work. The staff also highlighted that the quality of their current catheter care practice utilizes a collaborative approach, is dependent on the nursing process and is affected by the nurse's and the patient's gender. The nurses also verbalized that there is training required in the use of catheter management resources. Lastly, catheter care challenges such as gender, dementia in patients and ethical dilemma affect nurse's catheter management practices. Fourteen nurses attended the education session. For the pre and post-test, paired t-test was carried out in order to test for a significant difference in the overall score. Descriptive statistical analyses indicate that there is a significant difference (p < 0.0001) in the overall score between the pre and post-test, with a mean difference of 6.64 and 95% CI of (4.96, 8.33). Document analysis of the catheter maintenance checklist revealed that most of the post-surgery patients came to the ward with catheters already in, thus prompting the nurses to complete only the catheter maintenance part of the checklist and the catheter removal part if necessary. Majority of the patients also had their catheters removed on the first day and this is documented on the checklist. Noticeable also is the dwindling of numbers of completed checklists when the study period reached its fourth month. Conclusion:The CAUTI education package had a significant impact on the nurse's knowledge. While various factors affect catheter management practices, enhanced training will not only improve nurses' knowledge, but their practice as well. Catheter maintenance checklists serve as procedure prompts for nurses although dwindling of numbers may be expected as time passes by. This could be remedied by regularly reminding staff to complete the checklist and documentation. Finally, quality improvement initiatives on CAUTI prevention would help improve CAUTI rates and nurses' knowledge, skills and attitude toward catheter management.
A Life Worth Living with Dr David Mellor. Interview by Luna Allison, Canadian Federation for Animal Welfare.
(18/08/2016) Mellor DJ
Dr. David Mellor is a leading animal welfare thinker and the Foundation Director of the Animal Welfare Science and Bioethics Centre at Massey University’s Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences in New Zealand. Dr. Mellor has more than 50 years of teaching and research experience and has developed animal welfare standards, regulations and legislation internationally. He has been widely recognized for making major contributions to animal welfare around the world through consultation, teaching and more than 500 scientific publications. We sat down with Dr. Mellor during his time in Toronto this spring to discuss animal welfare in Canada and advancing our thinking for the betterment of animals.
Plastic Pollution Prevention in Pacific Islands Countries
(2/12/2020) Farrelly T
Key findings from research conducted with ten Pacific Island waste management leaders. After identifying key policy gaps and the unique challenges facing each country, the participants and the research team offer recommendations to strengthen plastic pollution policy frameworks across the region.
Use of Guidance Material for Moving and Handling People: Barriers and Facilitators - An Experience Exchange
(20/05/2016) Lidegaard, M; Olsen, KB; Legg, SJ
Presentation of the research project and preliminary findings of questionnaire survey as introduction to a work shop for people interested in improving health and safety related to moving and handling people.
What the hell was I thinking? Understanding the precursors to real-life regret.
(2009) Towers AJ; Hill SR; Flett RA
The Dual-Process Theory of Regret (DPTR) proposes that the intensity of real-life regret is a function of both conscious and unconscious thought processes. Previous theories of regret consistently focus on failures of conscious reasoning as the cause of regret, neglecting the role that our unconscious system of thought (based on experience, preferences) plays in real-life daily decision making situations. 653 New Zealanders, ranging in age from 18-87 and varying in ethnic and social background, participated in a postal survey on short-term and long-term life regrets. Results indicate that unconscious thought had significant impact on short-term regret intensity, while the use of both conscious and unconscious thought influenced the intensity of long-term regrets. Furthermore, the trends in regret intensity mirror the trends predicted by the DPTR model, supporting the claim that the intensity of real-life regrets is driven by the interplay of conscious and unconscious systems of thought.
Interventions for children’s dental anxiety: Validating a coping styles scale
(The Author(s), 2010) Williams, M
Dental anxiety is a widespread phenomenon with deleterious oral health correlates. Consideration of variation in coping styles may be useful in the selection of effective dental anxiety interventions. Miller (1981, 1987) defined two key modalities for coping with threatening information: monitoring (attending to threatening information) and blunting (avoiding threatening information). This study will report on the New Zealand validation of a measure of children's monitoring-blunting copying styles in dental situations (the MBDS) in a sample of 240 New Zealand children aged 11-13 years. Internal consistency reliability and convergent validity with respect to a related scale wre adequate for both the monitoring and blunting subscales, although discriminant validity with regard to dental anxiety was weak for the blunting subscale. Use of a scale such as the MBDS may be one way in which dental staff can bring children's preferred copying styles into consideration when formulating interventions to manage dental anxiety.
You can get there from here: The highs and lows of writing a thesis
(Cicero, 2010) Kavan, Heather; Kavan, Heather
No abstract.
CUPIT: A measure of current and developing cannabis-related problems
(2010) Bashford J; Flett R; Copeland J
Facilitating vertical integration of knowledge from animal physiology to farm system level
(2012) Matthew C; Parkinson T; Kemp P
We describe a teaching methodology evolved over 25 years for taking incoming students with little farming background to near-consultancy level in terms of ability to discuss feed supply and demand manipulation with practicing farmers. The methodology is currently used in a double semester course offering to 2nd year BVSc students at Massey University with positive feedback from students. Component skills such as visual assessment of herbage mass are introduced at the outset. A keystone of the methodology is the provision of student operated 'farmlets' with 16 sheep on 0.8 ha, where the storage of autumn-surplus feed as increased herbage mass, and release back to animals for winter and early lactation feed is demonstrated. Feed budget calculations for these farmlets in units of MJ metabolisable energy and kg pasture DM/ha/ day promote understanding of animal physiology principles and simulate those of a larger scale commercial farm. As currently offered the module comprises 20 lectures and 5 organised 2 hour farmlet discussion and data collection visits. Students complete additional farmlet work in their own time, such as moving or weighing sheep. Two written assignments promote integration of component knowledge and ownership of that information by participants.
NZLSA: Workforce participation and wellbeing in older New Zealanders
(New Zealand Association of Gerontology, 2012) Alpass F; Stephens C
The participation of older people in the workforce is considered beneficial for both society and older workers. The past two decades have seen a significant increase in workforce participation by older workers, particularly women and those over the age of 65 years. However, there is still a considerable drop-off in participation rates after 55 years of age. The main determinants of early exit from the workforce are health and wealth. A further factor, quality of work life, which may indirectly influence health status and wealth accumulation, has also been linked to early exit from the workforce. Data from the Health, Work and Retirement study showed that the majority of older workers wanted to continue to work past 65 years of age. However, for many older workers employment preferences are not realised. We present profiles of workforce participation in 2010 from the NZLSA sample, with a focus on socio-demographic and work characteristics, and examine these profiles in relation to a range of indicators of physical, psychological and financial wellbeing. Findings will be discussed with reference to policies that help enable older workers to realise their preferences for workforce participation.
The relationship between psychological resilience and posttraumatic stress in young adults exposed to an earthquake
(Stress and Anxiety Research Society, 2013) de Terte ID; Heetkamp T
Are emotional regulation strategies able to be taught to people with an intellectual disability?
(International Association of Forensic Mental Health Services, 2013) de Terte ID; McWilliams J; Leathem J
Clinical decision making among sexual abuse counsellors working with child and adult survivors of sexual abuse: A New Zealand study
(The New Zealand Psychological Society, 2013) Woolley CC; Craven G; Dickson J; Evans I
Providing therapy for child and adult sexual abuse survivors is a complex area of therapeutic practice. A nationwide survey was undertaken in order to investigate the decision-making processes of practitioners working with child abuse survivors. Forty-one child-focussed practitioners and 113 adult-focussed practitioners responded to open-ended questions about indicators of sexual abuse, and the factors informing their therapeutic decisions. Thematic analysis of their responses indicated nine themes: indicators of sexual abuse, safety, need for disclosure, the therapeutic process, working with emotions and behaviours, taking a developmental approach, influence and involvement of the family, working with external agencies, and intuition and experience versus evidence-based decisions. How these themes inform decisions made by practitioners and their implications for strengthening clinical judgement through professional development is discussed. In addition, the implications of these findings and their potential to enhance the psychotherapy training needs of clinical psychologists will be discussed.
Effectiveness of individual and organizational strategies to address workplace bullying
(The New Zealand Psychological Society, 2013) Gardner DH; Bentley T; Catley B; Cooper-Thomas H; O'Driscoll M; Trenberth L
Workplace bullying remains a significant problem in many organisations worldwide, with significant negative impact on the wellbeing of individuals, organisations and communities. Interventions tend to be reactive, addressing individual perpetrators and targets rather than the structural or systemic factors that facilitate bullying. Individual coping responses which directly address the problem, such as counter-attacks or reporting, tend to escalate problems. Effective solutions are most likely to involve organisational factors such as constructive leadership, perceived organisational support and the presence of effective strategies for managing bullying. An organisation-wide survey was completed in New Zealand by 1733 employees from four sectors: healthcare (42%), education (27%), hospitality (8%) and travel (19%). Perceived organisational support, constructive leadership and effectiveness of organisational strategies were expected to be associated with reduced levels of bullying, and to weaken the positive association between bullying and strain and the negative relationship between bullying and wellbeing. In contrast, individual-level task-focused and emotion-focused strategies were expected to be associated with increased levels of bullying and to worsen the effects of bullying on strain and on wellbeing. Direct and moderated effects were analysed and implications for research and practice will be discussed.
Interventions for managing workplace bullying
(The New Zealand Psychological Society, 2013) O'Driscoll M; Bentley T; Catley B; Cooper-Thomas H; Gardner DH; Trenberth L
Workplace bullying has received much attention in organisational behaviour and human resource management research over the past 20+ years. Considerable research has been conducted on the causes of bullying and its outcomes, although there has been relatively little empirical evaluation of strategies for dealing with workplace bullying. Some investigations have focused on personal coping strategies, but generally these have been found to be ineffective in reducing bullying experiences. Recently attention has been given to organisational initiatives or efforts to address bullying problems. Several practice-oriented books and articles have focused on what organisations can, and should, do to reduce bullying and alleviate its negative consequences. This presentation will focus on practical efforts that managers, who have major responsiblity for addressing this problem, can engage in. The main thrust of the presentation is that constructive leadership and the development of a collegial climate at work are essential prerequisites for handling workplace bullying. Specific initiatives, such as policy development, communication, developing complaints procedures, and setting up transparent behavioural contingencies, will be discussed in detail.
Monitoring cognitive function during ECT: Current New Zealand practice
(The New Zealand Psychological Society, 2013) Thornton A; Leathem J; Flett R
Objective: To determine current practice regarding cognitive assessment during electroconvulsive therapy among ECT treating professionals across New Zealand. Design/Participants: A questionnaire sent to 45 professionals resulted in a response rate of 35.5% from 12 district health boards across New Zealand. Results: Most assess cognitive function at least once during a course of ECT. A third assess at baseline, at least once during and then after the course. Assessments are being conducted by people from various professions. Over two thirds said that a lack of time, resources and sensitive tests were restricting more frequent and thorough cognitive assessments. Conclusion: Respondents recognise that assessing cognitive functioning during a course of ECT is important, though large variations in the nature, frequency and length of the assessments exist. Future research should develop a standardised, sensitive, inexpensive screening measure tailored for use with patients receiving ECT to help overcome the current restrictions to cognitive assessment.
Everyday cognitive failures and memory compensation efforts: A selective optimization with compensation (SOC) Analysis
(2013) Scheibner G; Leathem JM
The theory of Selective Optimization with Compensation (SOC) outlines how individuals may adapt more or less successfully to aging-related changes. Controlling for age, gender, education, and subjective health, the present study examined the relationships between cognitive failures and the SOC life management strategies. Results of this online survey (N = 409) indicated that SOC endorsement accounted for a significant reduction in each of the facets of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (i.e., forgetfulness, distractibility, and false triggering). Additional hypotheses tested whether mood may have a moderating effect on the beneficial effects of SOC, and whether SOC endorsement may moderate individual's efforts to compensate for perceived memory impairments. Results suggest that low mood attenuates the beneficial effects that SOC has on the frequency of cognitive failures. Counter to expectations, SOC endorsement did not affect the forgetfulness/memory compensation relationship. Results are discussed in view of methodological limitations and suggestions for future research are outlined.

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