Journal Articles

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/7915

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    Lifestyle and incident dementia: A COSMIC individual participant data meta-analysis
    (Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association, 2024-06-16) Van Asbroeck S; Köhler S; van Boxtel MPJ; Lipnicki DM; Crawford JD; Castro-Costa E; Lima-Costa MF; Blay SL; Shifu X; Wang T; Yue L; Lipton RB; Katz MJ; Derby CA; Guerchet M; Preux P-M; Mbelesso P; Norton J; Ritchie K; Skoog I; Najar J; Sterner TR; Scarmeas N; Yannakoulia M; Dardiotis T; Rolandi E; Davin A; Rossi M; Gureje O; Ojagbemi A; Bello T; Kim KW; Han JW; Oh DJ; Trompet S; Gussekloo J; Riedel-Heller SG; Röhr S; Pabst A; Shahar S; Rivan NFM; Singh DKA; Jacobsen E; Ganguli M; Hughes T; Haan M; Aiello AE; Ding D; Zhao Q; Xiao Z; Narazaki K; Chen T; Chen S; Ng TP; Gwee X; Gao Q; Brodaty H; Trollor J; Kochan N; Lobo A; Santabárbara J; Gracia-Garcia P; Sachdev PS; Deckers K; for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)
    INTRODUCTION: The LIfestyle for BRAin Health (LIBRA) index yields a dementia risk score based on modifiable lifestyle factors and is validated in Western samples. We investigated whether the association between LIBRA scores and incident dementia is moderated by geographical location or sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: We combined data from 21 prospective cohorts across six continents (N = 31,680) and conducted cohort-specific Cox proportional hazard regression analyses in a two-step individual participant data meta-analysis. RESULTS: A one-standard-deviation increase in LIBRA score was associated with a 21% higher risk for dementia. The association was stronger for Asian cohorts compared to European cohorts, and for individuals aged ≤75 years (vs older), though only within the first 5 years of follow-up. No interactions with sex, education, or socioeconomic position were observed. DISCUSSION: Modifiable risk and protective factors appear relevant for dementia risk reduction across diverse geographical and sociodemographic groups. HIGHLIGHTS: - A two-step individual participant data meta-analysis was conducted. - This was done at a global scale using data from 21 ethno-regionally diverse cohorts. - The association between a modifiable dementia risk score and dementia was examined. - The association was modified by geographical region and age at baseline. - Yet, modifiable dementia risk and protective factors appear relevant in all investigated groups and regions.
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    Determinants of cognitive performance and decline in 20 diverse ethno-regional groups: A COSMIC collaboration cohort study
    (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2019-07) Lipnicki DM; Makkar SR; Crawford JD; Thalamuthu A; Kochan NA; Lima-Costa MF; Castro-Costa E; Ferri CP; Brayne C; Stephan B; Llibre-Rodriguez JJ; Llibre-Guerra JJ; Valhuerdi-Cepero AJ; Lipton RB; Katz MJ; Derby CA; Ritchie K; Ancelin M-L; Carrière I; Scarmeas N; Yannakoulia M; Hadjigeorgiou GM; Lam L; Chan W-C; Fung A; Guaita A; Vaccaro R; Davin A; Kim KW; Han JW; Suh SW; Riedel-Heller SG; Roehr S; Pabst A; van Boxtel M; Köhler S; Deckers K; Ganguli M; Jacobsen EP; Hughes TF; Anstey KJ; Cherbuin N; Haan MN; Aiello AE; Dang K; Kumagai S; Chen T; Narazaki K; Ng TP; Gao Q; Nyunt MSZ; Scazufca M; Brodaty H; Numbers K; Trollor JN; Meguro K; Yamaguchi S; Ishii H; Lobo A; Lopez-Anton R; Santabárbara J; Leung Y; Lo JW; Popovic G; Sachdev PS; for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)
    Background With no effective treatments for cognitive decline or dementia, improving the evidence base for modifiable risk factors is a research priority. This study investigated associations between risk factors and late-life cognitive decline on a global scale, including comparisons between ethno-regional groups. Methods and findings We harmonized longitudinal data from 20 population-based cohorts from 15 countries over 5 continents, including 48,522 individuals (58.4% women) aged 54–105 (mean = 72.7) years and without dementia at baseline. Studies had 2–15 years of follow-up. The risk factors investigated were age, sex, education, alcohol consumption, anxiety, apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE*4) status, atrial fibrillation, blood pressure and pulse pressure, body mass index, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, self-rated health, high cholesterol, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, physical activity, smoking, and history of stroke. Associations with risk factors were determined for a global cognitive composite outcome (memory, language, processing speed, and executive functioning tests) and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Individual participant data meta-analyses of multivariable linear mixed model results pooled across cohorts revealed that for at least 1 cognitive outcome, age (B = −0.1, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = −0.31, SE = 0.11), depression (B = −0.11, SE = 0.06), diabetes (B = −0.23, SE = 0.10), current smoking (B = −0.20, SE = 0.08), and history of stroke (B = −0.22, SE = 0.09) were independently associated with poorer cognitive performance (p < 0.05 for all), and higher levels of education (B = 0.12, SE = 0.02) and vigorous physical activity (B = 0.17, SE = 0.06) were associated with better performance (p < 0.01 for both). Age (B = −0.07, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = −0.41, SE = 0.18), and diabetes (B = −0.18, SE = 0.10) were independently associated with faster cognitive decline (p < 0.05 for all). Different effects between Asian people and white people included stronger associations for Asian people between ever smoking and poorer cognition (group by risk factor interaction: B = −0.24, SE = 0.12), and between diabetes and cognitive decline (B = −0.66, SE = 0.27; p < 0.05 for both). Limitations of our study include a loss or distortion of risk factor data with harmonization, and not investigating factors at midlife. Conclusions These results suggest that education, smoking, physical activity, diabetes, and stroke are all modifiable factors associated with cognitive decline. If these factors are determined to be causal, controlling them could minimize worldwide levels of cognitive decline. However, any global prevention strategy may need to consider ethno-regional differences.