Journal Articles

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    Multi-task multi-modality SVM for early COVID-19 Diagnosis using chest CT data.
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022-01) Hu R; Gan J; Zhu X; Liu T; Shi X
    In the early diagnosis of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), it is of great importance for either distinguishing severe cases from mild cases or predicting the conversion time that mild cases would possibly convert to severe cases. This study investigates both of them in a unified framework by exploring the problems such as slight appearance difference between mild cases and severe cases, the interpretability, the High Dimension and Low Sample Size (HDLSS) data, and the class imbalance. To this end, the proposed framework includes three steps: (1) feature extraction which first conducts the hierarchical segmentation on the chest Computed Tomography (CT) image data and then extracts multi-modality handcrafted features for each segment, aiming at capturing the slight appearance difference from different perspectives; (2) data augmentation which employs the over-sampling technique to augment the number of samples corresponding to the minority classes, aiming at investigating the class imbalance problem; and (3) joint construction of classification and regression by proposing a novel Multi-task Multi-modality Support Vector Machine (MM-SVM) method to solve the issue of the HDLSS data and achieve the interpretability. Experimental analysis on two synthetic and one real COVID-19 data set demonstrated that our proposed framework outperformed six state-of-the-art methods in terms of binary classification and regression performance.
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    Development of targeted, theory-informed interventions to improve bronchiolitis management
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 3/08/2021) Haskell L; Tavender EJ; Wilson CL; O'Brien S; Babl FE; Borland ML; Cotterell E; Sheridan N; Oakley E; Dalziel SR; Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative (PREDICT) network, Australasia
    BACKGROUND: Despite international guidelines providing evidence-based recommendations on appropriate management of infants with bronchiolitis, wide variation in practice occurs. This results in infants receiving care of no benefit, with associated cost and is potentially harmful. Theoretical frameworks are increasingly used to develop interventions, utilising behaviour change techniques specifically chosen to target factors contributing to practice variation, with de-implementation often viewed as harder than implementing. This paper describes the stepped process using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to develop targeted, theory-informed interventions which subsequently successfully improved management of infants with bronchiolitis by de-implementing ineffective therapies. Explicit description of the process and rationale used in developing de-implementation interventions is critical to dissemination of these practices into real world clinical practice. METHODS: A stepped approach was used: (1) Identify evidence-based recommendations and practice variation as targets for change, (2) Identify factors influencing practice change (barriers and enablers) to be addressed, and (3) Identification and development of interventions (behaviour change techniques and methods of delivery) addressing influencing factors, considering evidence of effectiveness, feasibility, local relevance and acceptability. The mode of delivery for the intervention components was informed by evidence from implementation science systematic reviews, and setting specific feasibility and practicality. RESULTS: Five robust evidence-based management recommendations, targeting the main variation in bronchiolitis management were identified: namely, no use of chest x-ray, salbutamol, glucocorticoids, antibiotics, and adrenaline. Interventions developed to target recommendations addressed seven TDF domains (identified following qualitative clinician interviews (n = 20)) with 23 behaviour change techniques chosen to address these domains. Final interventions included: (1) Local stakeholder meetings, (2) Identification of medical and nursing clinical leads, (3) Train-the-trainer workshop for all clinical leads, (4) Local educational materials for delivery by clinical leads, (5) Provision of tools and materials targeting influencing factors, and prompting recommended behaviours, and (6) Audit and feedback. CONCLUSION: A stepped approach based on theory, evidence and issues of feasibility, local relevance and acceptability, was successfully used to develop interventions to improve management of infants with bronchiolitis. The rationale and content of interventions has been explicitly described allowing others to de-implement unnecessary bronchiolitis management, thereby improving care.
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    Process evaluation of a cluster randomised controlled trial to improve bronchiolitis management - a PREDICT mixed-methods study.
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 29/11/2021) Haskell L; Tavender EJ; O'Brien S; Wilson CL; Babl FE; Borland ML; Schembri R; Orsini F; Cotterell E; Sheridan N; Oakley E; Dalziel SR; For the Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative (PREDICT) network, Australasia
    BACKGROUND: Bronchiolitis is the most common reason for hospitalisation in infants. All international bronchiolitis guidelines recommend supportive care, yet considerable variation in practice continues with infants receiving non-evidence based therapies. We developed six targeted, theory-informed interventions; clinical leads, stakeholder meeting, train-the-trainer, education delivery, other educational materials, and audit and feedback. A cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) found the interventions to be effective in reducing use of five non-evidence based therapies in infants with bronchiolitis. This process evaluation paper aims to determine whether the interventions were implemented as planned (fidelity), explore end-users' perceptions of the interventions and evaluate cRCT outcome data with intervention fidelity data. METHODS: A pre-specified mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted alongside the cRCT, guided by frameworks for process evaluation of cRCTs and complex interventions. Quantitative data on the fidelity, dose and reach of interventions were collected from the 13 intervention hospitals during the study and analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data identifying perception and acceptability of interventions were collected from 42 intervention hospital clinical leads on study completion and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: The cRCT found targeted, theory-informed interventions improved bronchiolitis management by 14.1%. The process evaluation data found variability in how the intervention was delivered at the cluster and individual level. Total fidelity scores ranged from 55 to 98% across intervention hospitals (mean = 78%; SD = 13%). Fidelity scores were highest for use of clinical leads (mean = 98%; SD = 7%), and lowest for use of other educational materials (mean = 65%; SD = 19%) and audit and feedback (mean = 65%; SD = 20%). Clinical leads reflected positively about the interventions, with time constraints being the greatest barrier to their use. CONCLUSION: Our targeted, theory-informed interventions were delivered with moderate fidelity, and were well received by clinical leads. Despite clinical leads experiencing challenges of time constraints, the level of fidelity had a positive effect on successfully de-implementing non-evidence-based care in infants with bronchiolitis. These findings will inform widespread rollout of our bronchiolitis interventions, and guide future practice change in acute care settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12616001567415 .
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    The University of Google [Book review]
    (LIANZA, 14/07/2008) White BD
    Review of The University of Google by Tara Brabazon
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    Aboriginal and Visible Minority Librarians: Oral Histories from Canada - Edited by D. Lee, and M. Kumaran.
    (Emerald, 1/06/2015) Lilley SC
    Review's this book, which enables the author of each chapter to tell the story of their involvement, experiences and challenges in working as a minority in the library profession in Canada. Therefore, the chapters are semi autobiographical, with authors providing an overview of their careers, as well as advice to visible minorities starting out or considering a career in the library profession.
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    Towards standardisation of evidence-based clinical care process specifications
    (SAGE Journals, 2020-12) McLachlan S; Kyrimi E; Dube K; Hitman G; Simmonds J; Fenton N
    There is a strong push towards standardisation of treatment approaches, care processes and documentation of clinical practice. However, confusion persists regarding terminology and description of many clinical care process specifications which this research seeks to resolve by developing a taxonomic characterisation of clinical care process specifications. Literature on clinical care process specifications was analysed, creating the starting point for identifying common characteristics and how each is constructed and used in the clinical setting. A taxonomy for clinical care process specifications is presented. The De Bleser approach to limited clinical care process specifications characterisation was extended and each clinical care process specification is successfully characterised in terms of purpose, core elements and relationship to the other clinical care process specification types. A case study on the diagnosis and treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in the United Kingdom was used to evaluate the taxonomy and demonstrate how the characterisation framework applies. Standardising clinical care process specifications ensures that the format and content are consistent with expectations, can be read more quickly and high-quality information can be recorded about the patient. Standardisation also enables computer interpretability, which is important in integrating Learning Health Systems into the modern clinical environment. The approach presented allows terminologies for clinical care process specifications that were widely used interchangeably to be easily distinguished, thus, eliminating the existing confusion.
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    Total availability of journal articles to Internet users
    (Emerald Group Publishing, 2014) White BD
    Purpose - To determine the outcome of the different measures taken towards open accessto peer-reviewed research by measuring aggregate availability of a sample of journal articles.This sample was then used to examine the factors contributing to the availability or non-availability of types of article. Design/methodology/approach - A sample of articles was taken from the Scopus database based on a search by surname. This minimised any skew that would result from a datasetbased on subject or source. The results were analysed to determine availability by subject and differences in availability based on source. Findings - Less than 30% of articles are available in their year of publication, rising to nearly 40% in following years. Repositories are responsible for slightly less than 50% of available articles. Substantial differences exist between the practices of scholarly societies and commercial publishers. Practical implications - Aggregate availability is dependent on a range of activities and current efforts need to be maintained to ensure its continuance. Moves towards open access by commercial publishers are not a major factor. Originality/value - This study differs from similar work by looking at access from the users’ viewpoint. Rather than looking at the total amount of material to which access is provided, it looks at the proportion of high-value information which is available. Read the article at http://www.massey.ac.nz/~bwhite/totalavailability.pdf
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    Evaluating and developing an information literacy programme for MBA students
    (Library and Information Association of New Zealand Aotearoa, 2016) Baxter KG; Johnson B; Chisholm K
    Massey University has the longest continually-running Executive MBA programme in New Zealand which is specifically designed for managers who have substantial professional and managerial work experience (Massey University, 2016). Studying part time over 25 months, students learn how to be successful in senior leadership roles in the public or private sector. Business librarians at Massey University have been involved for more than 15 years in delivering information literacy sessions for this programme during their orientation weekend. This research provides a case study focusing on evaluating the “one-shot” library instruction approach used for 2015 and 2016 cohorts. Survey data supports findings of other studies that as students transition to postgraduate study, embedded and discipline specific library support is needed.