Journal Articles

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    Configurations of regulatory focus and directing attention and their associations with autonomy, competence, and relatedness need satisfaction/frustration
    (Taylor and Francis Group on behalf of the Australian Psychological Society, 2024-08-19) Hodis F; Hodis G
    Objective The first objective of this research was to investigate the interrelationships of regulatory focus (i.e. promotion and prevention) and the ability to direct attention when studying. The second was to examine whether unobserved groups of individuals having distinct combinations of regulatory focus and directing attention differed on satisfaction/frustration of their basic psychological needs. Method Data were collected from 307 undergraduate students from the US. Latent profile analysis was used to uncover the unobserved groups defined by distinct configurations of promotion, prevention, and directing attention and to examine differences among these groups with regard to satisfaction/frustration of basic needs. Results Three latent groups were identified. Students who had high levels of promotion, prevention, and directing attention, also had strong satisfaction and weak frustration of their psychological needs. Students with low promotion, prevention, and directing attention, also had strong frustration and weak satisfaction of their psychological needs. Conclusions The adaptive pattern of self-regulation, characterized by strong promotion, prevention, and directing attention, was also associated with an adaptive combination of high need satisfaction and low need frustration. A less adaptive pattern of low promotion, prevention, and directing attention was also associated with a maladaptive combination of high need frustration and low need satisfaction.
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    Patterns of post-traumatic stress symptoms in mild traumatic brain injury and their relationship with outcomes: a latent profile analysis.
    (Taylor and Francis Group, 2023-06-23) Faulkner JW; Snell DL; Theadom A; de Terte I; Low R
    INTRODUCTION: Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are known to contribute to postconcussion symptoms and functional status following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Identifying symptom cluster profiles provide an opportunity to better understand PTSS and their influence on these outcomes. In this study, latent profiles of PTSS following mTBI were identified, and their association with mTBI outcomes was examined. The predictive role of demographic and injury related variables on profile membership was also explored. METHOD: Adults (N = 252) completed self report measures of PTSS and mTBI outcomes (post-concussion symptoms and functional status) within three months of mTBI. These measures were re-administered six months later (N = 187). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to ascertain the latent class structure of PTSS, and regression analysis to examine predictors of profiles. ANCOVA, with general psychological distress as a covariate, revealed the relationship between profiles and mTBI outcomes. RESULTS: LPA identified a four-profile model to best describe PTSS at baseline. This included a resilient (49.6%), moderate (30.6%), moderate with high intrusion/avoidance (14.3%) and a highly symptomatic profile (5.6%). A secondary school education or less and/or unemployment before mTBI was significantly more likely in the highly symptomatic profile, as well as sustaining an mTBI due to an assault or motor vehicle accident. PTSS latent class membership was significantly associated with mTBI outcomes even when controlling for general psychological distress. The resilient group had significantly better outcomes at baseline and six-month follow-up. However, no significant differences in mTBI outcomes emerged between the moderate, moderate with high intrusion/avoidance and the highly symptomatic profiles. CONCLUSION: The current study provides novel information on the symptom profiles of PTSS in mTBI, predictors of profile membership and their relationship with mTBI outcomes. Although future research using this approach is needed, the current study offers a more in-depth understanding of PTSS in mTBI to inform clinical care.