Journal Articles
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/7915
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Item First report of a papillomavirus-induced viral plaque in the mouth of a dog(John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of ESVD and ACVD, 2025-05-15) Munday JS; Hobson P; Bell CMCanis familiaris papillomavirus type 16 was amplified from a mass in the mouth of a dog. The mass was histologically consistent with a pigmented viral plaque. This is the first report of an oral viral plaque in a dog. Histological investigation is essential to allow differentiation from an oral melanoma.Item Genomic Characterization of Canis Familiaris Papillomavirus Type 25, a Novel Papillomavirus Associated with a Viral Plaque from the Pinna of a Dog(MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2023-06-02) Munday JS; Gedye K; Knox MA; Robinson L; Lin XA 14-year-old West Highland White terrier dog developed multiple raised plaques that were confined to the concave surface of the right pinna. Histology allowed a diagnosis of viral plaque, although the lesions contained some unusual microscopic features. A papillomaviral (PV) DNA sequence was amplified from the plaque using consensus PCR primers. The amplified sequence was used as a template to design 'outward facing' PCR primers, which allowed amplification of the complete PV DNA sequence. The sequence was 7778 bp and was predicted to code for five early genes and two late genes. The ORF L1 showed the highest (83.9%) similarity to CPV15, and phylogenetic analysis revealed the novel PV clustered with the species 3 ChiPVs. The novel PV was designated as canine papillomavirus (CPV) type 25. As CPV25 was not previously detected in a canine viral plaque, this PV type may be a rare cause of skin disease in dogs. However, as plaques that remain confined to the pinna were not previously reported in dogs, it is possible that CPV25 could be more common in plaques from this area of skin. The findings from this case expand the number of PV types that cause disease in dogs. Evidence from this case suggests that, compared to the other canine ChiPV types, infection by CPV25 results in viral plaques in atypical locations with unusual histological features.Item Genomic Characterisation of Canis Familiaris Papillomavirus Type 24, a Novel Papillomavirus Associated with Extensive Pigmented Plaque Formation in a Pug Dog(MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2022-10-26) Munday JS; Gedye K; Knox MA; Ravens P; Lin X; Dalianis TNumerous large dark plaques developed over the ventrum, legs and head of a 9-year-old pug dog over a 4-year-period. Histology confirmed a diagnosis of viral pigmented plaque and a short section of a novel papillomavirus (PV) type was amplified using consensus PCR primers. Taking advantage of the circular nature of PV DNA, 'outward facing' PCR primers allowed amplification of the full sequence. As this is the 24th PV known to infect dogs, the novel PV was designated canine papillomavirus (CPV) type 24. The CPV24 genome contained putative coding regions for 5 early proteins and 2 late ones. The CPV24 open reading frame L1 showed the highest (78.2%) similarity to CPV4 and phylogenetic analysis showed that CPV24 clustered with CPV4 and CPV16 suggesting CPV24 is the third species 2 Chipapillomavirus type identified in dogs. This is the third report of extensive pigmented plaques covering a high proportion of the skin. Both previous cases were caused CPV4 and, considering the high genetic similarity between CPV4 and CP24, infection by these CPV types may predispose to more severe clinical disease. In addition, as plaques caused by CPV16 appear more likely to progress to neoplasia, the detection of a species 2 Chipapillomavirus within a pigmented plaque may indicate the potential for more severe disease.Item Novel viruses: Update on the significance of papillomavirus infections in cats(SAGE Publications on behalf of the International Society of Feline Medicine and American Association of Feline Practitioners, 2019-05) Munday JS; Sharp CR; Beatty JAPRACTICAL RELEVANCE: Prior to 1990 papillomaviruses (PVs) were not recognised to infect or cause disease in domestic cats. Since this time, the use of histology, immunohistochemistry and, more recently, molecular techniques has revealed that PVs almost certainly cause feline viral plaques and Bowenoid in situ carcinomas, oral papillomas and feline sarcoids. In addition, there is increasing evidence that PVs play a significant role in the development of feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, one of the most common skin cancers of cats. Recent studies have also revealed that most cats are asymptomatically infected with PVs. This raises a critical question that is currently unanswered: why do only a small proportion of infected cats develop disease? In the future it may be possible to prevent PV-induced diseases by using a vaccine to prevent PV infection. Alternatively, novel therapies may be developed that prevent PVs from causing clinical disease by stimulating the host immune response. CLINICAL CHALLENGES: A recognition of the skin diseases caused by PVs is important to more accurately predict disease progression. Unfortunately, there are currently no non-surgical treatments that have been proven to be beneficial in cats and clinical management of PV-induced skin disease in cats can be challenging. GLOBAL IMPORTANCE: PVs have a worldwide distribution and negatively impact feline health and welfare globally. AUDIENCE: This review is aimed at clinicians, especially those who regularly treat cats with skin disease. The review will also be useful to oncologists and researchers who have an interest in how cancer develops in cats. EVIDENCE BASE: In producing this update the authors have drawn on recently published peer-reviewed literature.