Journal Articles
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/7915
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Item On the trajectory of discrimination: A meta-analysis and forecasting survey capturing 44 years of field experiments on gender and hiring decisions(Elsevier Inc, 2023-11) Schaerer M; Plessis CD; Nguyen MHB; van Aert RCM; Tiokhin L; Lakens D; Clemente EG; Pfeiffer T; Dreber A; Johannesson M; Clark CJ; Uhlmann EL; Abraham AT; Adamus M; Akinci C; Alberti F; Alsharawy AM; Alzahawi S; Anseel F; Arndt F; Balkan B; Baskin E; Bearden CE; Benotsch EG; Bernritter S; Black SR; Bleidorn W; Boysen AP; Brienza JP; Brown M; Brown SEV; Brown JW; Buckley J; Buttliere B; Byrd N; Cígler H; Capitan T; Cherubini P; Chong SY; Ciftci EE; Conrad CD; Conway P; Costa E; Cox JA; Cox DJ; Cruz F; Dawson IGJ; Demiral EE; Derrick JL; Doshi S; Dunleavy DJ; Durham JD; Elbaek CT; Ellis DA; Ert E; Espinoza MP; Füllbrunn SC; Fath S; Furrer R; Fiala L; Fillon AA; Forsgren M; Fytraki AT; Galarza FB; Gandhi L; Garrison SM; Geraldes D; Ghasemi O; Gjoneska B; Gothilander J; Grühn D; Grieder M; Hafenbrädl S; Halkias G; Hancock R; Hantula DA; Harton HC; Hoffmann CP; Holzmeister F; Hoŕak F; Hosch A-K; Imada H; Ioannidis K; Jaeger B; Janas M; Janik B; Pratap KC R; Keel PK; Keeley JW; Keller L; Kenrick DT; Kiely KM; Knutsson M; Kovacheva A; Kovera MB; Krivoshchekov V; Krumrei-Mancuso EJ; Kulibert D; Lacko D; Lemay EPA preregistered meta-analysis, including 244 effect sizes from 85 field audits and 361,645 individual job applications, tested for gender bias in hiring practices in female-stereotypical and gender-balanced as well as male-stereotypical jobs from 1976 to 2020. A “red team” of independent experts was recruited to increase the rigor and robustness of our meta-analytic approach. A forecasting survey further examined whether laypeople (n = 499 nationally representative adults) and scientists (n = 312) could predict the results. Forecasters correctly anticipated reductions in discrimination against female candidates over time. However, both scientists and laypeople overestimated the continuation of bias against female candidates. Instead, selection bias in favor of male over female candidates was eliminated and, if anything, slightly reversed in sign starting in 2009 for mixed-gender and male-stereotypical jobs in our sample. Forecasters further failed to anticipate that discrimination against male candidates for stereotypically female jobs would remain stable across the decades.Item Meta-analysis of the impact of financial constraints on firm performance(John Wiley and Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, 2023-06-17) Ahamed FT; Houqe MN; van Zijl TA large number of studies have investigated the relationship between financial constraints and firm performance. However, due to heterogeneity in study design factors, such as choice of measures for constraints and performance, control variables, estimation methods and study sample, the empirical results have been mixed. To mitigate this issue, this paper reports a meta-analysis of the association between financial constraints and firm performance. To assess the overall direction of the relationship and the sources of heterogeneity, we apply meta-analytic methods to 26 studies (providing 189 effect sizes) on the association between financial constraints and financial performance in listed companies. Our result shows that, overall, there is a positive relationship between financial constraints and firm performance. In addition, meta-regression results suggest that return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) as measures of financial performance, and external finance and size as measures of financial constraints, have a significant negative impact on the relationship between financial constraints and firm performance relative to the mean impact on effect size. Similarly, all of North America and Asia as regional differences, control of size and corporate governance as control variables, and journal quality as strength of results, also have a significant negative impact. On the other hand, market value as a measure of financial performance, and the Whited & Wu index as a measure of financial constraints, have significant positive impact relative to the mean impact. Similarly, cross-country and Europe as regional differences, and publication status as strength of results, all have significant positive impact. Given that firm performance is of fundamental importance to investors, this study therefore helps researchers and policymakers to understand the variation in the empirical results on the impact of financial constraints.Item Clinical epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients: protocol for a large-scale systematic review and planned meta-analysis(BioMed Central Ltd, 20/07/2019) Hernandez M; Gutiérrez, JM; Borromeo A; Dueño AL; Paragas, Jr ED; Ellasus RO; Abalos-Fabia R; Abriam JA; Sonido AE; Generale AJA; Sombillo RC; Lacanaria MGC; Centeno MM; Laoingco JRC; Domantay JAAAn increasing number of studies have investigated the clinical epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care units. However, these findings have not been clearly defined in broad subgroups of mechanically ventilated adults. Hence, this protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis is designed to better understand the clinical and epidemiological features of VAP in these patient populations by establishing its overall prognosis of and risk factors for morbidity and mortality and to determine the differences in clinical and economic outcomes between VAP and non-VAP patients. This present review will systematically search available full-text articles without date and language restrictions and indexed in PubMed, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases. In addition, reference lists and citations of retrieved articles and relevant medical and nursing journals will be manually reviewed. Supplementary search in other databases involving trials, reviews, and grey literatures, including conference proceedings, theses, and dissertations, will be performed. Study investigators will be contacted to clarify missing or unpublished data. All prognostic studies meeting the pre-defined eligibility criteria will be included. The study selection, risk of bias assessment, data extraction, and grading of the quality of evidence will be carried out in duplicate, involving independent evaluation by two investigators with consensus or a third-party adjudication. The degree of inter-rater agreement will be calculated using the kappa statistic. For meta-analysis, dichotomous and continuous outcome measures will be pooled using odds ratios and standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals, respectively. The Mantel-Haenszel or inverse variance methods with random effects model will be used as a guide for analysis. The heterogeneity of each outcome measure will be assessed using both X2 and I2 statistics. In addition, sensitivity and subgroup analyses will be performed to ensure consistency of pooled results. The review protocol described herein is in accordance with the PRISMA-P standards.Discussion: The investigation of the epidemiological profiles, prognostic factors, and outcomes associated with VAP is critical for the identification of high-risk groups of mechanically ventilated patients and evaluation of possible clinical endpoints. This may provide substantial links for improved VAP prevention practices.Item Identifying fundamental criteria for eating disorder recovery: a systematic review and qualitative meta-analysis.(2017) de Vos JA; LaMarre A; Radstaak M; Bijkerk CA; Bohlmeijer ET; Westerhof GJBACKGROUND: Outcome studies for eating disorders regularly measure pathology change or remission as the only outcome. Researchers, patients and recovered individuals highlight the importance of using additional criteria for measuring eating disorder recovery. There is no clear consensus on which additional criteria are most fundamental. Studies focusing on the perspectives of recovered patients show criteria which are closely related to dimensions of positive functioning as conceptualized in the complete mental health model. The aim of this study was to identify fundamental criteria for eating disorder recovery according to recovered individuals. METHODS: A systematic review and a qualitative meta-analytic approach were used. Eighteen studies with recovered individuals and meeting various quality criteria were included. The result sections of the included papers were searched for themes that were stated as criteria for recovery or 'being recovered'. All themes were analyzed using a meta-summary technique. Themes were labeled into criteria for recovery and the frequency of the found criteria was examined. RESULTS: In addition to the remission of eating disorder pathology, dimensions of psychological well-being and self-adaptability/resilience were found to be fundamental criteria for eating disorder recovery. The most frequently mentioned criteria were: self-acceptance, positive relationships, personal growth, decrease in eating disorder behavior/cognitions, self-adaptability/resilience and autonomy. CONCLUSIONS: People who have recovered rate psychological well-being as a central criterion for ED recovery in addition to the remission of eating disorder symptoms. Supplementary criteria, besides symptom remission, are needed to measure recovery. We recommend including measurements of psychological well-being and self-adaptability/resilience in future research, such as outcome studies and in routine outcome measurement.