Massey University and Palmerston North : an impact study of some relationships between university and city
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Date
1978
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Massey University
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Abstract
An examination of the regional impact of a non-profit making institution is central to this study. This type of institution is seen as not merely a response to a local or national need but also as a determinant of regional population and economic change. The development of Massey University since 1966 was the example selected for analysis. The study seeks to add to the more usual type of impact analysis by examining population and spatial changes as well. It also seeks to derive relationships that may be of use to planners of other similar institutions. The population base prior to, and after 1965 was examined in terms of growth, structural change, and migration dynamics. The population components directly attributable to the university were also measured, then subtracted from the established base population. This revealed the probable population impact that the university had made upon the city of Palmerston Worth. It was estimated that the migration gain of 5000 from 1966 to 1971 would have been a net loss of 500 if the university had not intervened. Infrastructure additions of 874 dwelling units, and over 30 classrooms were estimated to have been needed to provide for the estimated 8% of the total population that could be directly attributed to the university. Suburban growth in new housing areas and in the central city area were seen as one consequence of this. Economic impacts were examined by way of an economic base ratio to derive a static employment, multiplier. When the calculated multiplier value of 1.36 was applied to the 788 Jobs created by the university it was estimated to have generated a further 286 in supportive industry. Regional income multipliers were derived from three surveys of income, consumption and expenditure patterns. The first survey was of academic staff, and a multiplier value of 1.34 was derived. The second survey was of non-academic staff members, and from this a multiplier value of 1.30 was established. The survey of students yielded a multiplier value of 2.27. The economic base multiplier value of 1.36 was applied to the regional expenditure of the university itself. From this information it was determined that an estimated $18.15 million was added to the regional income in 1976 from all the previous sources. The relationships between all of the estimates may be expressed in terms that may be of interest to those involved in the planning of other tertiary institutions within the region. They are as follows: For every 100 internal students enrolled, full-time and part-time; 35 staff members and dependents were added to the city population. 16 housing units were required. 19 jobs were created at the university. 6 jobs in supportive industry were created in the city. 0.72 classrooms were required for dependent children. $377,075 was added to the regional income from all sources.
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Community and college -- Case studies, New Zealand -- Palmerston North, Massey University