Modulations of visible light irradiance effects the photosynthetic phenotype in UV-B exposed Arabidopsis thaliana :|ba thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Plant Biology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Date
2015
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Massey University
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Abstract
Photosynthesis is dependent upon energy provided by visible light from the
electromagnetic spectrum. While such wavelengths of light are vital for resource
assimilation to take place, we now also understand that other wavelengths of light
may likely alter a plant’s photosynthetic capability, including the ultraviolet (UV)
radiation spectrum. The ultraviolet spectrum includes UV-A (315nm-400nm) and UV-B
radiation (280nm-315nm). UV-B light has been of particular interest in recent years as
changes in the ozone has resulted in increased UV-B radiation levels reaching the
Earth’s surface. Such scientific interest has resulted in many subsequent studies trying
to understand how plants protect themselves against this powerful waveband. UV-B
response in plants has been linked to both physiological and molecular changes in
plants. That could be manipulated to protect plants against pathogens and increase
crop yields. The quite recent discovery of the UV-B specific photoreceptor UVR8
showed how plants to respond to UV-B. A molecular pathway has begun to take shape
for UVR8, with interactions with the transcription factors COP1 and HY5 necessary for
activation. What is less understood are the subsequent interactions genes have with
UVR8, to cause responses such as flavonoid accumulation and photosynthetic
competency.
After previous research showed an increase in photosynthetic rate in lettuce in
response to UV-B radiation this study aimed to find the photosynthetic response of
Arabidopsis thaliana and possibly re-create the increase. To do this the photosynthetic
rate was studied under various PAR levels alongside UV-B exposure to characterise the
photosynthetic response. The accumulation of photo-protective compounds was also
studied to see if their accumulation affected photosynthetic responses. Three different
lines were studied; Columbia-0, Landsberg erecta and uvr8-1. The uvr8-1 plants
provided information on whether UVR8 is necessary for photosynthetic competency in
Arabidopsis. qPCR studies of genes linked to the UVR8 pathway were also considered
for their role in photosynthetic competency. The results in this thesis will show that
manipulations of PAR, changes the UV-B photosynthetic response and that UVR8 is
necessary for photosynthetic competency. ELIP1 and SIG5 are not mediated by UVR8
for photosynthetic competency. ELIP1 and SIG5 are possibly involved in UVR8
mediated accumulation of photo-protective compounds.
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Keywords
Arabidopsis thaliana, Effect of ultraviolet radiation on, Photosynthesis, Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Biology::Organism biology::Plant physiology