Journal Articles

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/7915

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    Utilizing Google Street View for Rapid Seismic Vulnerability Assessment: Case Study in the City of Manila, Philippines
    (IOP Publishing Ltd, 2022-01-01) Evangelista MK; Aquino DH; Ramos JA
    Earthquake Impact Reduction Study for Metro Manila (MMEIRS) estimated that around 40% of the total number of residential buildings within Metro Manila will either collapse or be affected by the M7.2 generated by the West Valley Fault. Need arises to evaluate the seismic vulnerability of structures in the area to enhance the city's resilience to seismic hazards. Rapid seismic vulnerability assessments are typically conducted by means of sidewalk surveys. However, advances in digital technologies such as Google Street View (GSV) provide the potential to do remote assessments, particularly amid mobility restrictions brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to demonstrate the usefulness of GSV in collecting data needed for rapid seismic vulnerability assessments through the case of buildings in the City of Manila. Six 300 m x 300 m blocks were evaluated using GSV for identifying seismic-related building parameters. Results show the ease of use of GSV in data collection on areas encompassing commercial and residential zones within the city and poses difficulty for blocks dominated by informal settlements. Among the challenges observed in formal zones include blockages in views due to fences, trees, and/or vehicles parked in front. For informal settlements, much of the buildings are not visible in GSV for evaluation thereby necessitating supplemental data collection. Overall, GSV demonstrates usefulness, and has the potential to speed up seismic vulnerability assessments in urban areas in conjunction with existing in situ assessments currently conducted.
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    Flood fragility and vulnerability functions for residential buildings in the Province of Leyte, Philippines
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd onbehalf of Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management, 2024-11-12) Besarra I; Opdyke A; Aquino DH; Santiago J; Mendoza JE; Lagmay AMFA
    The Philippines experiences frequent flooding, but, despite expansive tools for risk reduction, there remain gaps in understanding generalised relationships between flood events and damage to residential structures for regions outside the nation's capital. This gap has limited the ability to model flood risk and damage without robust functions to link hazards and housing vulnerability. This research draws on 394 household surveys to empirically derive a suite of flood fragility and vulnerability functions for residential structures in the Province of Leyte for light material, elevated light material and masonry structures. The results showed that masonry construction was more resilient to floods compared to light material counterparts. Elevated light material structures also exhibited lower damages at low inundations but tend to fail abruptly at flood depths greater than 3 m. By empirically deriving flood damage functions, the findings contribute to a more localised approach to quantifying housing vulnerability and risk that can be used for catastrophe and risk modelling, with applications for government agencies, the insurance industry and disaster risk researchers. This research lays the foundation for future flood risk mapping with growing significance under climate change.