Journal Articles
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/7915
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Item Changes in Serum Metabolome Following Low-Energy Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Women with Overweight and Prediabetes: A PREVIEW-New Zealand Sub-Study(MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2024-08-01) Relva B; Samuelsson LM; Duarte IF; Fasol U; Edwards PJB; Fogelholm M; Raben A; Poppitt SD; Silvestre MP; Rogero MMAs obesity develops, metabolic changes increase the risk of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Weight loss is crucial for improving health in T2D and cardiometabolic conditions. However, weight loss rates vary between individuals, even with identical diets or energy restrictions, highlighting the need to identify markers or predictors of weight loss success to enhance intervention outcomes. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics, we investigated the change in serum polar metabolites in 28 women with overweight or obesity and prediabetes who completed an 8-week low-energy diet (LED) as part of the PREVIEW (PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle intervention and population studies in Europe and around the World) clinical trial. We aimed to characterize the metabolic shift in substrate oxidation under fixed energy intake (~4 MJ/day) and its relation to weight loss success. Nine of the thirty-four serum metabolites identified significantly changed during the LED phase: 3-hydroxybutyrate, O-acetylcarnitine, 2-hydroxybutyrate, mannose, dimethyl sulfone and isobutyrate increased, whilst choline, creatine and tyrosine decreased. These results confirmed a shift towards lipid oxidation, but no metabolites predicted the response to the LED-induced weight loss. Further studies in larger populations are required to validate these metabolites as biomarkers of diet exposure.Item The impact of ethnicity and intra-pancreatic fat on the postprandial metabolome response to whey protein in overweight Asian Chinese and European Caucasian women with prediabetes(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-10-14) Joblin-Mills A; Wu Z; Fraser K; Jones B; Yip W; Lim JJ; Lu L; Sequeira I; Poppitt S; Li XThe “Thin on the Outside Fat on the Inside” TOFI_Asia study found Asian Chinese to be more susceptible to Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) compared to European Caucasians matched for gender and body mass index (BMI). This was influenced by degree of visceral adipose deposition and ectopic fat accumulation in key organs, including liver and pancreas, leading to altered fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance, and differences in plasma lipid and metabolite profiles. It remains unclear how intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) impacts TOFI phenotype-related T2D risk factors associated with Asian Chinese. Cow’s milk whey protein isolate (WPI) is an insulin secretagogue which can suppress hyperglycemia in prediabetes. In this dietary intervention, we used untargeted metabolomics to characterize the postprandial WPI response in 24 overweight women with prediabetes. Participants were classified by ethnicity (Asian Chinese, n=12; European Caucasian, n=12) and IPFD (low IPFD < 4.66%, n=10; high IPFD ≥ 4.66%, n=10). Using a cross-over design participants were randomized to consume three WPI beverages on separate occasions; 0 g (water control), 12.5 g (low protein, LP) and 50 g (high protein, HP), consumed when fasted. An exclusion pipeline for isolating metabolites with temporal (T0-240mins) WPI responses was implemented, and a support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm was used to model relevant metabolites by ethnicity and IPFD classes. Metabolic network analysis identified glycine as a central hub in both ethnicity and IPFD WPI response networks. A depletion of glycine relative to WPI concentration was detected in Chinese and high IPFD participants independent of BMI. Urea cycle metabolites were highly represented among the ethnicity WPI metabolome model, implicating a dysregulation in ammonia and nitrogen metabolism among Chinese participants. Uric acid and purine synthesis pathways were enriched within the high IPFD cohort’s WPI metabolome response, implicating adipogenesis and insulin resistance pathways. In conclusion, the discrimination of ethnicity from WPI metabolome profiles was a stronger prediction model than IPFD in overweight women with prediabetes. Each models’ discriminatory metabolites enriched different metabolic pathways that help to further characterize prediabetes in Asian Chinese women and women with increased IPFD, independently.Item Glycaemic Response to a Nut-Enriched Diet in Asian Chinese Adults with Normal or High Glycaemia: The Tū Ora RCT(MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2024-07) Sequeira-Bisson IR; Lu LW; Silvestre MP; Plank LD; Middleditch N; Acevedo-Fani A; Parry-Strong A; Hollingsworth KG; Tups A; Miles-Chan JL; Krebs JD; Foster M; Poppitt SD; Pribis PNut-based products are a good source of high-quality plant protein in addition to mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and may aid low-glycaemic dietary strategies important for the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In particular, they may be advantageous in populations susceptible to dysglycaemia, such as Asian Chinese. The present study aimed to compare effects of a higher-protein nut bar (HP-NB, also higher in total fibre and unsaturated fats, comprising mixed almonds and peanuts) vs. an isoenergetic higher-carbohydrate cereal bar (HC-CB) within the diet of 101 Chinese adults with overweight and normo- or hyperglycaemia. Ectopic pancreas and liver fat were characterised using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/S) as a secondary outcome. Participants were randomized to receive HP-NB or HC-CB daily as a 1 MJ light meal or snack replacement, in addition to healthy eating advice. Anthropometry and clinical indicators of T2D risk were assessed fasted and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), pre- and post-intervention. No significant difference was observed between diet groups for body weight, body mass index, waist or hip circumference, blood pressure, glucoregulatory markers, lipid profile or inflammatory markers over 12 weeks (all, p > 0.05). No difference was observed between glycaemic subgroups or those with normal versus high ectopic organ fat. Although HP-NB can attenuate postprandial glycaemia following a meal, no effects were observed for either fasting or glucose-mediated outcomes following longer-term inclusion in the habitual diet of Chinese adults with overweight, including at-risk subgroups.Item Pasifika prediabetes youth empowerment programme: evaluating a co-designed community-based intervention from a participants’ perspective(Taylor and Francis Group on behalf of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 4/02/2021) Firestone R; Faeamani G; Okiakama E; Funaki T; Henry A; Prapaveissis D; Filikitonga J; Firestone J; Tiatia-Seath J; Matheson A; Brown B; Schleser M; Kaholokula JKA; Ing C; Borman B; Ellison-Loschmann LThis paper provides insights from a community-centre intervention study that was co-designed by youth, health providers and researchers. The aims of the paper were to highlight the effectiveness of a co-designed community centred diabetes prevention intervention, and to determine whether a culturally tailored approach was successful. The study participants (n = 26) were at risk of developing prediabetes and represented the working age group of Pasifika peoples in NZ (25–44-year olds). The community-centre intervention consisted of 8 weeks of community physical activity organised and led by the local youth, a community facilitator, and the community provider. Semi-structured interviews with each of the intervention participants using a Pasifika narrative approach (talanoa) was carried out. Each interview was transcribed, coded and analysed and compared using thematic analyses. The study highlights four major themes illuminating positive successes of the community-centre intervention programme, and conclude that co-designing interventions for Pasifika peoples, should be culturally tailored to meet the realities of the communities and require strong support from associated community providers.