Onco-Preventive and Chemo-Protective Effects of Apple Bioactive Compounds
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Date
2021-11
Open Access Location
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
Rights
(c) 2021 The Author/s
CC BY 4.0
CC BY 4.0
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Epidemiological studies have strongly linked a diet high in fruits to a lower incidence of cancer. Furthermore, extensive research shows that secondary plant metabolites known as phytochemicals, which are commonly found in fruits, have onco-preventive and chemo-protective effects. Apple is a commonly consumed fruit worldwide that is available all year round and is a rich source of phytochemicals. In this review, we summarize the association of apple consumption with cancer incidence based on findings from epidemiological and cohort studies. We further provide a comprehensive review of the main phytochemical patterns observed in apples and their bioavailability after consumption. Finally, we report on the latest findings from in vitro and in vivo studies highlighting some of the key molecular mechanisms targeted by apple phytochemicals in relation to inhibiting multiple ‘hallmarks of cancer’ that are important in the progression of cancer.
Description
Keywords
antioxidants, apple, cancer, chemoprevention, fruit, phenolics, phytochemicals, triterpenoids, Antineoplastic Agents, Antioxidants, Biological Availability, Chemoprevention, Diet, Fruit, Humans, Malus, Neoplasms, Phenols, Phytochemicals, Plant Extracts, Triterpenes
Citation
Nezbedova L, McGhie T, Christensen M, Heyes J, Nasef NA, Mehta S. (2021). Onco-Preventive and Chemo-Protective Effects of Apple Bioactive Compounds.. Nutrients. 13. 11. (pp. 4025-).