Changes in Skeletal Muscle Protein Metabolism Signaling Induced by Glutamine Supplementation and Exercise.

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dc.citation.issue22
dc.citation.volume15
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues Junior CF
dc.contributor.authorMurata GM
dc.contributor.authorGerlinger-Romero F
dc.contributor.authorNachbar RT
dc.contributor.authorMarzuca-Nassr GN
dc.contributor.authorGorjão R
dc.contributor.authorVitzel KF
dc.contributor.authorHirabara SM
dc.contributor.authorPithon-Curi TC
dc.contributor.authorCuri R
dc.contributor.editorLemon PWR
dc.coverage.spatialSwitzerland
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-22T03:01:45Z
dc.date.available2024-05-22T03:01:45Z
dc.date.issued2023-11-07
dc.description.abstractAIM: To evaluate the effects of resistance exercise training (RET) and/or glutamine supplementation (GS) on signaling protein synthesis in adult rat skeletal muscles. METHODS: The following groups were studied: (1) control, no exercise (C); (2) exercise, hypertrophy resistance exercise training protocol (T); (3) no exercise, supplemented with glutamine (G); and (4) exercise and supplemented with glutamine (GT). The rats performed hypertrophic training, climbing a vertical ladder with a height of 1.1 m at an 80° incline relative to the horizontal with extra weights tied to their tails. The RET was performed three days a week for five weeks. Each training session consisted of six ladder climbs. The extra weight load was progressively increased for each animal during each training session. The G groups received daily L-glutamine by gavage (one g per kilogram of body weight per day) for five weeks. The C group received the same volume of water during the same period. The rats were euthanized, and the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from both hind limbs were removed and immediately weighed. Glutamine and glutamate concentrations were measured, and histological, signaling protein contents, and mRNA expression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Supplementation with free L-glutamine increased the glutamine concentration in the EDL muscle in the C group. The glutamate concentration was augmented in the EDL muscles from T rats. The EDL muscle mass did not change, but a significant rise was reported in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the fibers in the three experimental groups. The levels of the phosphorylated proteins (pAkt/Akt, pp70S6K/p70S6K, p4E-BP1/4E-BP1, and pS6/S6 ratios) were significantly increased in EDL muscles of G rats, and the activation of p4E-BP1 was present in T rats. The fiber CSAs of the EDL muscles in T, G, and GT rats were increased compared to the C group. These changes were accompanied by a reduction in the 26 proteasome activity of EDL muscles from T rats. CONCLUSION: Five weeks of GS and/or RET induced muscle hypertrophy, as indicated by the increased CSAs of the EDL muscle fibers. The increase in CSA was mediated via the upregulated phosphorylation of Akt, 4E-BP1, p70S6k, and S6 in G animals and 4E-BP1 in T animals. In the EDL muscles from T animals, a decrease in proteasome activity, favoring a further increase in the CSA of the muscle fibers, was reported.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.edition.editionNovember-2 2023
dc.format.pagination4711-
dc.identifier.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38004105
dc.identifier.citationRodrigues Junior CF, Murata GM, Gerlinger-Romero F, Nachbar RT, Marzuca-Nassr GN, Gorjão R, Vitzel KF, Hirabara SM, Pithon-Curi TC, Curi R. (2023). Changes in Skeletal Muscle Protein Metabolism Signaling Induced by Glutamine Supplementation and Exercise.. Nutrients. 15. 22. (pp. 4711-).
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu15224711
dc.identifier.eissn2072-6643
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.number4711
dc.identifier.piinu15224711
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/69639
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherMDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
dc.publisher.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/22/4711
dc.relation.isPartOfNutrients
dc.rights(c) 2023 The Author/s
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject26S proteasome
dc.subject4E-BP-1
dc.subjecthypertrophy
dc.subjectpS6
dc.subjectphysical exercise
dc.subjectproteasome
dc.subjectRats
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectGlutamine
dc.subjectRibosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa
dc.subjectProto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
dc.subjectProteasome Endopeptidase Complex
dc.subjectRats, Wistar
dc.subjectMuscle, Skeletal
dc.subjectHypertrophy
dc.subjectDietary Supplements
dc.subjectGlutamates
dc.subjectPhysical Conditioning, Animal
dc.titleChanges in Skeletal Muscle Protein Metabolism Signaling Induced by Glutamine Supplementation and Exercise.
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id484867
pubs.organisational-groupCollege of Health
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