Journal Articles
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/7915
Browse
40 results
Search Results
Item Modeling evacuation decisions in the 2019 Kincade fire in CaliforniaKuligowski, ED; Zhao, X; Lovreglio, R; Xu, N; Yang, K; Westbury, A; Nilsson, D; Brown, NItem Risk perception and knowledge of protective measures for flood risk planning. The case study of Brindisi (Puglia region)(2022-09-01) Santoro, S; Totaro, V; Lovreglio, R; Camarda, D; Iacobellis, V; Fratino, UFloods are among the most frequent natural hazards, and flood risk management is a paramount task when planning solutions to reduce their impact on communities. In the last decades, policy makers' actions for flood risk management have been redirected from purely physical self-protective measures towards integrated management strategies by including social components. Assessing flood risk perception and the level of knowledge of citizens regarding protective measures is becoming a pillar for generating innovative flood integrated management strategies. This study aims to highlight multiple aspects which can influence flood risk management in urban areas, providing a preliminary assessment of citizens’ flood risk perception and knowledge of protective measures. Proposed methodology is based on E-survey in order to gather data and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests to analyze them and has been applied to the case study of Brindisi (Puglia region, Southern Italy). The results suggest that flood risk perception depends on intrinsic components of individuals, mainly related to trust in public strategies and risk communication. It depends on hazard proximity but is uniformly distributed over the whole city, demonstrating that the perception of flood risk can not be related only to river floods. Knowledge of protective measures appears uniformly low by category of citizens and territorial area, particularly for teenagers. The methodological approach has allowed to bring out how the different nature of floods could produce a spatial and social heterogeneity in citizens’ flood risk perception and knowledge of protective measures, revealing latent risk features useful for supporting flood risk planning.Item Retrofitting home insulation reduces incidence and severity of chronic respiratory disease(John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, 21/08/2022) Fyfe C; Barnard LT; Douwes J; Howden-Chapman P; Crane JTo assess whether retrofitting home insulation can reduce the risk of respiratory disease incidence and exacerbation, a retrospective cohort study was undertaken using linked data from a national intervention program. The study population was made up of 1 004 795 residents from 205 001 New Zealand houses that received an insulation subsidy though a national Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority program. A difference-in-difference model compared changes in the number of prescriptions dispensed for respiratory illness post- insulation to a control population over the same timeframe. New prescribing of chronic respiratory disease medication at follow-up was used to compare incidence risk ratios between intervention and control groups. Chronic respiratory disease incidence was significantly lower in the intervention group at follow-up: odds ratio 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86-0.94). There was also a 4% reduction in medication dispensed for treating exacerbations of chronic respiratory disease symptoms in the intervention group compared with the control group: relative rate ratio (RRR) 0.96 (95% CI: 0.96-0.97). There was no change in medication dispensed to prevent symptoms of chronic respiratory disease RRR: 1,00 (95% CI: 0.99-1.00). These findings support home insulation interventions as a means of improving respiratory health outcomes.Item Automation in Fire Safety Engineering Using BIM and Generative Design(2022-01) Lovreglio, R; Thompson, P; Feng, ZItem Towards contracting strategy usage for rework in construction projects: A comprehensive review(Taylor & Francis Online, 2021) Asadi R; Wilkinson S; Rotimi JOBRework has been the core of attention for several years in the industry and academia as it affects the performance of projects. However, the trend of rework academic papers indicates an increasing rate in recent years; the overall research lacks a comprehensive review of the implemented theories and proposed models to explore further directions for rework management. Thus, to achieve a better understanding of rework it is necessary to perform an extensive review. This research aims to explore various insights from rework-related articles, discuss major research areas, and identify gaps for future studies looking closely at construction contracts. The selected articles are from three databases: “Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar”. The findings are categorized into six study areas: sources of rework, models and solutions, management and strategies, theories and techniques, rework impacts, and factors affecting rework. The analysis of the employed techniques across these topics showed that System Dynamic Modelling, Action Research, Analytic Hierarchy Process, and Regression have been used more frequently than other methods. The comprehensive review also shed light on the new ways of thinking, analyzing, and controlling the impacts of the rework. This paper proposes the assessment of rework causes in the conditions of contract which provides opportunities for improvement of the construction contracts.Item Bayesian networks in healthcare: Distribution by medical condition(2020-07) McLachlan, S; Dube, K; Hitman, GA; Fenton, NE; Kyrimi, EItem Effects of intraduodenal protein on appetite, energy intake, and antropyloroduodenal motility in healthy older compared with young men in a randomized trial.(2014-10) Soenen S; Giezenaar C; Hutchison AT; Horowitz M; Chapman I; Luscombe-Marsh NDBACKGROUND: Protein-rich supplements are used widely for the prevention and management of undernutrition in older people. The use of protein supplements in older people could, however, be counterproductive by reducing appetite and overall energy intake. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether aging influences the effects of protein loads, administered directly into the small intestine, on energy intake, antropyloroduodenal motility, and appetite. DESIGN: Intraduodenal infusions (240 mL, 60 min) of saline (0 kcal, control) and protein (hydrolyzed whey) loads of 30, 90, and 180 kcal were followed by an ad libitum buffet meal in 10 young (19-29 y) and 10 healthy older (68-81 y) men. Suppression of energy intake (kcal) at the meal by protein infusion compared with control was calculated. RESULTS: In young subjects, a dose-responsive suppression (±SEM) of energy intake was found at the buffet meal by protein (suppression at 30 kcal: 7 ± 8%, P = 0.189; 90 kcal: 17 ± 8%, P = 0.054; 180 kcal: 33 ± 7%, P = 0.002), whereas suppression was observed only after the 180-kcal load in older subjects (30 kcal: 7 ± 4% increase, P = 0.126; 90 kcal: 6 ± 7% increase, P = 0.291; 180 kcal: 17 ± 6% suppression, P = 0.016). Suppression of energy intake by protein was less in older than in young subjects (P < 0.005). In young subjects, total energy intake (meal + infusion) on the 180-kcal protein-infusion day was lower than that on the control day (P = 0.041), whereas in older subjects it was greater on the 30-kcal (P = 0.033) and 90-kcal (P = 0.016) infusion days. Energy intake was inversely related to isolated pyloric pressure waves (r = -0.32, P = 0.013) and positively related to antral (r = 0.30, P = 0.021) and duodenal (r = 0.35, P = 0.006) pressure waves. Suppression of energy intake by protein was inversely related to the change in isolated pyloric pressure waves (r = -0.35, P = 0.027) and positively related to duodenal pressure waves (r = 0.32, P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Intraduodenal protein suppresses appetite and energy intake less in healthy older than in young adults. In older subjects, intraduodenal protein at low doses increased overall energy intake, which supports the use of protein supplements in undernourished older people. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as 12612000906853.Item Prototyping and Validating a Non-immersive Virtual Reality Serious Game for Healthcare Fire Safety Training(1/11/2021) Rahouti A; Lovreglio R; Datoussaïd S; Descamps TIn a healthcare context, the success of a fire safety procedure in a real-life emergency mainly depends on staff decisions and actions. One of the factors influencing staff decision-making is their training. In most healthcare facilities, safety educators use slide-based lectures as a training tool. Virtual Reality (VR) is gaining fire safety community attention for being an interesting training tool. However, few studies have assessed the effectiveness of VR-based fire safety training simulators compared with a slide-based lecture. The present research proposes a novel non-immersive VR-based training for healthcare fire safety education. This paper describes the prototyping steps required to develop a non-immersive VR serious game (SG) to train the staff of Vincent Van Gogh (VVG) hospital in Belgium. The paper finally validates the VR SG comparing its effectiveness against slide-based lecture training. 78 staff from VVG hospital in Belgium participated in this study. They were divided into two groups: Group A was trained using a slide-based lecture, and Group B was trained using the VR SG. The results indicated that the VR SG was more effective than the slide-based lecture in terms of knowledge acquisition and retention and in terms of self-efficacy increment in short and long terms than the slide-based lecture.Item Gender Diversity Population Simulations in an Extended Game of Life Context(IEEE, 20/06/2019) Mathrani A; Scogings C; Mathrani SCellular automata studies have been instrumental in computational and biological studies for simulating life contours based on simple rule-based strategies. Game of Life (GoL) presented us with one of the earliest automata studies that led the way in exemplifying non-linear spatial representations, such as large-scale population evolution scenarios depicting species dominance, species equilibrium, and species extinction. However, the GoL was driven by interactions among vegetative entities comprising live and die states only. This paper extends GoL to gendered-GoL (g-GoL) in which male phenotypes and female phenotypes interact in an extended world to procreate. Using the g-GoL, we have demonstrated many evolution contours by applying gender-based dependence rules. Evolution scenarios have been simulated with skewed gender ratios that favor the birth of male offspring. Preference for a male child is common in certain cultures; therefore, empirical data realized with skewed gender settings in g-GoL can reveal the long-term impact of non-egalitarian gender societal structures. Our model provides a tool for the study of emergent life contours and brings awareness on current gender imbalances to strengthen multi-disciplinary research inquiry in the areas of social practices, mathematical modeling, and use of computational technologies.Item Correlation between powder flow properties measured by shear testing and Hausner ratio(Elsevier, 2015) Saw HY; Davies CE; Paterson AHJ; Jones JShear testing provides rigorous estimates of flow properties relevant to the characterization, handling, and processing of powders, and is a necessary test procedure in the formal design of powder storage facilities. However, despite the automation of modern test equipment, it can be time consuming and expensive. In contrast, measurement of bulk density is straightforward and less laborious, and tapping devices are cheaper. Here we explore the relationship between Hausner ratio and cohesion and also examine correlation between Hausner ratio, σc/σy, and σpre for a suite of 13 milled and 2 spray-dried lactose powders, 3 sand samples and 3 samples of refractory dust; Hausner ratio is the ratio of tapped bulk density to loose bulk density, σc is major consolidation stress, σy is unconfined yield stress and σpre is preconsolidation stress. Cohesion and flow function were measured with an annular shear cell at values of σpre up to 5 kPa. Loose poured bulk density was measured following a modified New Zealand standard and tapped density measurement was based on a method for dry dairy products and the European Pharmacopoeia; Hausner ratio at 1250 taps was used. Our results show that cohesion at σpre of 0.31 kPa, 0.61 kPa, 1.20 kPa, 2.41 kPa, and 4.85 kPa correlates linearly with Hausner ratio; the slope and intercept of the correlation are functions of σpre. A plot of σc/σy against Hausner ratio shows an exponential decay trend and regression yields two fitting parameters that correlate well with σpre. These correlations are potentially useful for assessing flow characteristics when shear testing cannot be performed.
